Why I became a Biologist

Personal Highlights

 

Research interests and why I became a biologist

My overarching research interest is the application of molecular genetic theory and modern molecular techniques to better understand the evolution and maintenance of biodiversity, at organismal and genetic levels, in the marine environment. As such I am interested in broad range of topics that include the evolutionary history of marine taxa; the molecular ecology, population genetics and mating systems of species; patterns of connectivity among geographically dispersed populations; and the ways in which these interacting factors impinge on the conservation of marine biodiversity. For my doctoral research I studied the molecular ecology, evolution and conservation of a seriously understudied group, the hydrophiine sea snakes. These fascinating creatures are entirely marine, give birth to live young and there appears to be little connectivity among populations. Unfortunately some sea snake populations around Australia appear to be threatened and undergoing local extinctions. In the near future I will focus my research efforts on marine snakes with the aim to better understand the population dynamics of species with the aim of understanding the factors underlying recent population declines. In this current climate of global threats to biodiversity, it is important that our improved understanding of the molecular ecology and evolution of the marine environment translate directly into better conservation and management strategies for marine wildlife and its natural habitats.

Find out about sea snakes

My initial motivation to become a biologist was my love of wild places, particularly the ocean, and it has always disturbed me that so many wild places around the planet are being lost or destroyed. For many years I spent all of my spare time and money travelling to wild places in Australia, Africa and Asia. A highlight was spending a year in East Africa in 1984, and seeing so much wildlife there while travelling from place to place on the backs of trucks and on trains, and in game parks. But of course I also heard many sad stories about hunting and poaching and its impact on the wildlife.

I realised that I wanted become a biologist sitting on a beach on the island of La Gomera in the Canary Islands in 1991. I was camping in a cave on the beach and dreading going back to the bleak winter in London and the Gulf War. I had read in hundreds of nature magazines about scientists going to wild and exotic places to research animals and how they were able to make a difference to the conservation of wildlife around the world, and wondered why I couldn’t do something like that. I couldn’t find any good reasons.

I moved to Townsville to study biology at James Cook University in 1994. Prior to that I worked as a registered nurse, Yoga teacher and massage therapist. I really had no idea what it meant to be a scientist and the process of becoming a biologist has been an adventure; a huge, positive and exciting change and challenge for me. At times I have been disappointed about how little impact science seems to have on policy and management decisions, but at other times I have been inspired by changes I see happening. My hope is that the collective scientific research endeavour currently underway contributes to the understanding, appreciation and conservation of the amazing natural heritage of this planet, especially the wilderness that we are fortunate to still have in Australia.

 

Personal Highlights

 
     
 

Dwarf Minke Whales
In 1997 I was lucky enough to become involved with a Dwarf Minke whale research project. Each winter these curious whales return to the lagoonal waters of the northern Great Barrier Reef, for reasons that we still don’t really understand. Here they approach boats, divers and snorklers, and growing tourism industry now offers swim-with-whale programs. I started volunteering for Dr Peter Arnold at the Museum of Tropical Queensland and was given the job of putting together a catalogue of photo ID slides of the whales. Somehow I managed to talk him and Dr Alastair Birtles into taking me on their annual field trip on the tourist/research vessel the Undersea Explorer. It was one of the most amazing experiences of my life. Not only did we see whales every day, we spent hours with them most days, and were often in the water with them. We recorded their behaviours and colour patterns, took photographs and underwater digital video, gave talks for the tourists on board, and got feedback from them as to how they experienced their encounters. Every winter for six years I went to sea for two weeks to a month and took part with this amazing research. During that time I had some amazing encounters with minke whales, did some fantastic diving, and met an amazing array of characters on board each trip.

 
Photo: Alastair Birtles
 
Photo: Alastair Birtles

Dolphins
In 2000 I started a project to investigate the distribution and abundance of three species of inshore dolphins, the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, the Irrawaddy dolphin and the Bottlenose dolphin, along the Queensland coast for my doctoral thesis. I spent July and August on Stradbroke Island doing a pilot project on bottlenose dolphins in Moreton Bay as part of an Earthwatch program. Stradbroke Island is an amazingly beautiful sand island with a few rocky headlands on the eastern side of the island. We spent many hours sitting on these headlands looking over the waters of the Pacific Ocean where bottlenose dolphins were surfing, feeding and playing. Humpback whales also migrate very close to this part of the Australian coastline during July and August, and we watched these animals travel past, occasionally stopping to breach, tail slap and wave their pectoral fins about. We also spent many hours at sea on the sheltered waters of Moreton Bay, west of Stradbroke Island, that is home to a large number of bottlenose dolphins. The Moreton Bay and Pacific Ocean bottlenose dolphins do not mix with each other. The main fieldwork for my pilot project involved travelling very slowly and recording dolphins that we spotted. It must be said that some people found this rather boring, compared with spending hours with groups of dolphins trying to photograph them, but I enjoyed it. Unfortunately, while the pilot project in Moreton Bay was a success, the full project was unfeasible for my doctoral research.

Photo: B. Louise Chilvers
Photo: B. Louise Chilvers

Sea snakes
At the end of 2000 I found myself enrolled in a PhD but without a project. Not ideal! I was very interested in molecular genetics and conservation, and was looking for project in that area. The idea of working on sea snakes was suggested to me during a late night drunken conversation with a very clever scientist at a party. The idea was well received by my advisors and funding agency. I was very lucky and am very grateful to all concerned. Although I now spend much of my time doing lab work, I have also collected tissue samples from over 300 live sea snakes. My fieldwork has taken me to the Swain Reefs and Keppel Island in the GBR, and Ashmore and Scott Reefs in the Timor Sea, where I have spent many hours snorkelling and diving in order to find and catch sea snakes. Sea snakes are very curious animals and often approach divers and snorklers. Sea snakes are highly venomous and need to be treated with caution. Indeed catching sea snakes is potentially very dangerous and should not be undertaken lightly. At the same time it is also turns out to be quite easy and very good fun for all involved. I find it particularly rewarding that fascinating world of DNA and molecular genetics can be explored using non-lethal research.

Find out more about sea snakes

Photo: Emma Hutchinson
 
Photo: Emma Hutchinson